The combination of long-acting intramuscular cabotegravir plus rilpivirine was demonstrated to be as effective as 3-drug daily oral ART for maintaining viral suppression of HIV-1 for up to 96 weeks in the LATTE-2 phase 2b study.
An Ebola virus vaccine, rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP, provided 100% protection against Ebola in a prior phase 3 trial. A new study reports long-term safety data and shows that the vaccine induces an antibody response for at least 1 year.
Second- and third-generation fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides were shown to decrease the quantity of biofilm produced by Escherichia coli isolates in children with urinary tract infection in an in vitro study.
A study showed that telbivudine administered during early and middle pregnancy prevented transmission of hepatitis B virus infection from mother to infants in all participants receiving antiviral treatment.
A new enhanced technique for urine culture detects over twice as many pathogens as standard urine culture in women with symptoms of urinary tract infection.
Placental malaria during pregnancy may raise the risk of malaria infection in childhood by promoting maternal microchimerism, in which the fetus acquires noninherited maternal cells during pregnancy. Maternal microchimerism may be the mechanism by which the fetus develops tolerance to malaria antigens, leading to an impaired malaria-specific immune response.
Universal vaccination against hepatitis B virus infection prevented non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adolescents in Taiwan, an endemic area for hepatitis B virus infection.
Hepatitis C virus infection may increase the risk for type 2 diabetes, but whether a causal relationship exists is unclear. Screening for type 2 diabetes in this population may have important public health implications.
Preventing the transmission of HIV is central to controlling the HIV epidemic in southern Africa. The PopART intervention program aimed to achieve high rates of universal testing and treatment using community-based health workers to conduct home visits in which they provided services such as HIV testing and referral to ART care.
Narrowing the window for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis from 60 minutes to 30 minutes before surgery did not improve rates of surgical site infection, reduce 30-day mortality, or shorten hospital lengths of stay.
