Jagan Dewan Gupta

Preliminary Diagnosis: Testicular torsion I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis Gray scale and color Doppler sonographic evaluation of the bilateral testicles and epididymi. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of testicular torsion. Advantages Highly portable Does not expose the patient to ionizing radiation. Highly specific and sensitive…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Scleroderma I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Fluoroscopic guided double contrasted upper GI examination with a small bowel follow through. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing scleroderma. Advantages Details the GI system for any mucosal abnormalities secondary to scleroderma. Disadvantages Limited in evaluating the surrounding…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Sarcoidosis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Plain radiography. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing sarcoidosis. Advantages Highly portable and quick imaging modality. Exposes patients to negligible ionizing radiation. Disadvantages Poorly sensitive and limited specificity in evaluating for sarcoidosis. Does not help in treatment, therapy,…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Mesothelioma I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Chest x-ray, PA and lateral view II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of mesothelioma. Advantages Highly portable and fast imaging modality. Exposes the patient to minimal ionizing radiation. Relatively inexpensive imaging modality. Disadvantages Less sensitive and specific in…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Melanoma I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis Primary lesions are not commonly imaged. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of melanoma. Not applicable III. What are the contraindications for the first-line imaging technique? Not applicable IV. What alternative imaging techniques are available? CT with contrast…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Hydrocephalus I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis Noncontrast CT of the brain II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of hydrocephalus. Advantages Less expensive and faster to perform than MR imaging Disadvantages Exposes patients to ionizing radiation III. What are the contraindications for the first-line imaging…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis Chest x-ray, PA and lateral view II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Advantages Fast and portable imaging modality Exposes patients to minimal ionizing radiation Disadvantages Less sensitive and specific in diagnosing a primary pulmonary…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Esophagitis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Double contrasted fluoroscopic evaluation of the esophagus using effervescent granules, thin and thick liquid barium, and a barium pill II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of esophagitis. Advantages Relatively quick, highly portable imaging modality Offers exquisite visualization of…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Endometriosis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Pelvic ultrasound. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing endometriosis. Advantages Does not use ionizing radiation. Can easily evaluate the involved structures. Disadvantages Cannot exam all parts of the lower abdomen and pelvis. Requires a skilled technician. May be…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Cerebral Edema I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Noncontrast CT of the brain II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of cerebral edema. Advantages Relatively inexpensive and efficient way of imaging the brain for parenchymal edema Best for evaluating for any associated osseous abnormality, i.e., cerebral…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Bronchiolitis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Chest radiographs: PA and lateral views II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Advantages Relatively inexpensive, fast imaging modality Highly portable Exposes the patient to negligible radiation Disadvantages Highly sensitive but less specific in detailing any underlying…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Bronchiectasis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Chest radiograph: PA and lateral views II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of bronchiectasis. Advantages Relatively inexpensive and fast imaging modality Highly portable Exposes the patient to minimal ionizing radiation Disadvantages Less sensitive and specific in locating the…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Amyloidosis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Amyloidosis is a histological diagnosis. However, some imaging modalities may suggest amyloidosis in the correct clinical setting. A first-line imaging modality is CT imaging of the area of interest with IV and oral contrast. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Ectopic Pregnancy I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? The first line imaging modality is a Gray Scale and Color Doppler sonographic evaluation of the pelvis (transvaginal and/or transabdominal). II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing ectopic pregnancy. Advantages Sonographic imaging does not expose patients to ionizing…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Testicular Cancer I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Ultrasound of the scrotum and bilateral testicles. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing testicular cancer. Advantages Highly portable and does not expose patients to ionizing radiation. Details the velocity and direction of vascular flow. May help guide…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Prostate Cancer I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Prostatic ultrasound. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing prostate cancer. Advantages Moderately sensitive and specific in detecting, detailing, and characterizing prostate abnormalities, such as cancer. May help guide biopsy. Highly specific in characterizing the vascularity of a…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Appendicitis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with IV and without oral contrast II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of appendicitis. Advantages CT scanning is diagnostic for appendicitis and can detail any secondary complications such as periappendiceal abscesses,…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Mastoiditis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis CT of the brain without contrast. CT Temporal Bone without contrast may additionally be performed for more coned down views of the mastoid air cells and associated temporal bone structures. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of mastoiditis.…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Sinusitis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? CT sinuses with and without contrast with coronal and sagittal reconstructions. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing sinusitis. Advantages Relatively inexpensive and fast imaging modality. Evaluates the adjacent osseous structures for underlying erosion and can date the chronicity…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Peritonsillar abscess I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? CT soft tissue neck with contrast II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess. Advantages Relatively inexpensive, fast imaging modality. Able to differentiate neck pathology from adjacent vascular structures, lymph nodes, and osseous structures with great…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Renal Cell Carcinoma I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Gray scale and Color Doppler sonographic evaluation of the kidneys. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing renal cell carcinoma. Advantages Highly portable and a relatively inexpensive imaging modality. Does not expose patients to ionizing radiation. Details…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Hepatocellular Carcinoma I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Triple phase CT of the liver II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Advantages Gold standard in liver imaging Adequately able to detect and differentiate all hepatic lesions May help direct biopsy and treatment Better…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Epididymitis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Gray Scale and Color Doppler sonographic evaluation of the bilateral testicles and epididymi. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing epididymitis. Advantages Offers great portability. Does not expose the patient to ionizing radiation. Very quick to perform. Able to…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Ultrasound of the pelvis. (Transvaginal approach offers more exquisite imaging compared to a transabdominal approach.) II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing pelvic inflammatory disease. Advantages Highly portable imaging modality. Does not expose patients to ionizing radiation.…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Urethritis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? No specific imaging is required for uncomplicated urethritis. However, imaging may be warranted in those with complicated urethritis. The first line imaging modality is ultrasound of the urinary bladder and limited visualized urethra. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Meniere's Disease I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis CT temporal bone without contrast II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of Meniere's disease. Advantages Relatively inexpensive, fast imaging modality Better adept in detailing and characterizing the osseous structures than other imaging techniques Disadvantages Exposes the patients…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Pneumonia I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Chest x-ray, PA, and lateral. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing pneumonia. Advantages Highly portable and inexpensive imaging modality. Relatively fast imaging modality. Exposes the patient to minimal ionizing radiation.Related Content Sensitive in diagnosing pneumonia. Disadvantages Less adept…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Endocarditis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? Echocardiogram. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing endocarditis. Advantages Highly portable, quick imaging modality, Does not expose patients to ionizing radiation. Less expensive compared to MR imaging. Able to evaluate the cardiac structures with great specificity and able…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Pharyngitis I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? CT soft tissue of the neck with contrast. Pharyngitis is a clinical diagnosis. However, imaging may aid in diagnosis or evaluate for secondary complications. II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosing pharyngitis. Advantages Highly sensitive and specific in diagnosing…

Preliminary Diagnosis: Otitis Media I. What imaging technique is first-line for this diagnosis? CT temporal bone without contrast II. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this technique for diagnosis of otitis media. Advantages Relatively inexpensive, fast imaging modality Highly specific and sensitive in evaluating the osseous structures and exquisitely details any osseous erosion, sclerosis, or…