News

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Ceftazidime/Avibactam Approved for Pediatric Use to Treat Complicated Intra-Abdominal, UTIs

By

Diana Ernst, RPh

Publish Date March 25, 2019

The FDA has expanded the approval of Avycaz to include pediatric patients aged ≥3 months for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections.

Sepsis

Prediction Rule for Serious Infection Accurate in Low-Risk Febrile Infants

By

Bradley van Paridon

Publish Date March 25, 2019

Study validates accurate prediction rule for identifying febrile infants age <60 days at low risk for serious bacterial infections using urinalysis, absolute neutrophil count, and procalcitonin levels.

HIV/AIDS

Effect of Depression, Lifestyle on Cognitive Function in PLWHIV

By

Bradley van Paridon

Publish Date March 25, 2019

Compared with patients without HIV, the poorer cognitive performances of PLWHIV were partly mediated by a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Effect of Antibiotic Stewardship on Fluoroquinolone Prescribing in Hospital

By

Bradley van Paridon

Publish Date March 22, 2019

Hospital-based stewardship interventions were associated with decreased fluoroquinolone prescriptions during hospitalization, but not at discharge.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Tenofovir Gel Reduces Risk for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Acquisition

By

Zahra Masoud

Publish Date March 22, 2019

Among tenofovir gel users, detection of plasma tenofovir may be associated with a reduced risk for herpes simplex virus type 2.

Treatments

Quantifying Adherence to Mucormycosis Treatment Guidelines in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies

By

Marielle Fares

Publish Date March 22, 2019

Adhering to mucormycosis treatment guidelines may be difficult for physicians because of the complexity of the disease.

Influenza

Efficacy of Quadrivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Young Children

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

Publish Date March 22, 2019

In children aged 6–35 months, vaccination with 2 doses of IIV4 can protect against influenza and reduces the frequency of severe outcomes.

Respiratory

SynGEM Intranasal Vaccine for RSV Generates Durable Immune Response

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

Publish Date March 22, 2019

SynGEM, an intranasal subunit vaccine that introduces the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), has demonstrated efficacy in actuating lasting immune responses in humans.

Hepatitis Advisor

ACIP Updates Hepatitis A Vaccine Recommendations for Persons Experiencing Homelessness

By

Hannah Dellabella

Publish Date March 21, 2019

ACIP updates hepatitis A vaccine recommendations for homeless population.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Hand-To-Genital Transmission of HPV Between Heterosexual Partners

By

Bradley van Paridon

Publish Date March 21, 2019

Transmission of human papillomavirus is unlikely to occur from hand-to-genital contact.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Microbiology Testing Has Suboptimal Effect on Antibiotic Stewardship

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

Publish Date March 21, 2019

A small percentage of microbiologic test results are used to direct the antibiotic stewardship processes.

Sepsis

Machine-Learning Models Allow Early Detection of Sepsis in the NICU

Publish Date March 21, 2019

Models using EHR data from infants in NICU can detect sepsis hours before clinical signs are apparent.

HIV/AIDS

CDC: New HIV Transmission Often From Those Unaware of Infection

Publish Date March 21, 2019

Most new HIV transmissions are from people who do not know they have HIV infection.

Practice Management

Limiting the Documentation of Patient Immigration Status in Medical Records

By

Emily Pond

Publish Date March 21, 2019

This commentary examines physician options for documenting immigration status considering ethical, legal, and historical circumstances when caring for stigmatized populations during changing political landscapes.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Procalcitonin-Guided Antibiotic Discontinuation May Increase Survival

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

Publish Date March 20, 2019

Procalcitonin-guided antibiotic discontinuation was linked with greater rates of survival and reduced antibiotic utilization in critically ill individuals.

HIV/AIDS

INF Treatment Lowers Risk for Diabetes and Mortality in HIV/HCV Coinfection

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

Publish Date March 20, 2019

Sustained virologic response to the HCV in patients with HCV and HIV coinfection is associated with a lowered risk of diabetes and mortality.

Hepatitis Advisor

Diabetes Development Linked to Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Mortality in Hepatitis B

By

Hannah Dellabella

Publish Date March 20, 2019

Through multivariate data analyses, researchers in Taiwan found that diabetes mellitus influenced the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

News

ACC: Antibacterial Envelope Can Reduce CIED Infections

Publish Date March 20, 2019

An antibacterial envelope can reduce the incidence of major cardiac implantable electronic device infections.

HIV/AIDS

Lactoferrin Ineffective for Patients with HIV Receiving ART

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

Publish Date March 20, 2019

Recombinant human-lactoferrin treatment in PLWHIV receiving ART was not associated with significant improvements in inflammation or immune activation.

GI Illness

Helicobacter pylori Infection Linked to Elevated Risk for Diabetes in Men

By

Roxanne Nelson, BSN, RN

Publish Date March 20, 2019

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes developing.