Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

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HIV/AIDS

Lenacapavir Reduces Viral Load in Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1 Infection

Patients with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection receiving the capsid inhibitor lenacapavir have a greater reduction in viral load than those receiving placebo.

General Medicine

DDW: Antibiotics Increased Risk of Older-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Use of antibiotics, regardless of class, is associated with an increased risk of older-onset inflammatory bowel disease.

Mycoses

Fluconazole vs Other Antifungals for Esophageal Candidiasis in Patients With HIV

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

In this meta-analysis, researchers assessed the safety and efficacy of fluconazole compared with alternative antifungal agents for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis.

General Infectious Disease

Risk for Liver Injury Associated With Duration of Tigecycline Treatment

By

Bradley van Paridon

Researchers conducted a retrospective study that assessed risk factors for liver injury among hospitalized patients receiving intravenous tigecycline.

General Infectious Disease

Efficacy of Standard Piperacillin Dosing in Children on Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy

By

Colby Stong

Researchers assessed the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin to determine whether standard dosing provides adequate exposure in critically ill children receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy.

Nosocomial Infections

Antibiotics for Less Than 24 Hours After Orthopedic Surgery Prevents Health Care-Associated Infections

By

Colby Stong

Researchers assessed the effects of discontinuing antimicrobial prophylaxis within 24- vs 48-hours of clean orthopedic surgery for the prevention of health care-associated infections.

Respiratory

Outcomes, Safety of Weight-Based Bedaquiline in Children With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers assessed the pharmacokinetic profile and safety of weight-based bedaquiline among children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

As Few as 2 Genetic Loci May Predict Antibiotic Susceptibility in Gonorrhea

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Investigators sought to identify a specific set of genetic loci associated with penicillin and tetracycline antibiotic susceptibility among Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Gram Stain-Guided Antibiotics: Effective, May Combat Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

By

Bradley van Paridon

Researchers compared the effect of Gram stain-guided antibiotics with guideline-based antibiotics for the treatment of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Concerns Raised Over Volume of Antibiotic Prescriptions for Older Adults With COVID-19 at Outpatient Visits

By

Devon Cimino

Researchers assessed the rate of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions among older adults diagnosed with COVID-19 infection at outpatient settings.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotics Within the Same Class May Not Be Ideal in Combination Therapy for Bloodstream Infections

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers assessed the efficacy and interaction between the 4 most common antibiotic combinations for Escherichia coli bloodstream infections.

General Infectious Disease

Recurrent Diabetic Foot Infection Not Associated With Shorter Antibiotic Duration

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers assessed whether a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy is associated with an increased risk for recurrent diabetic foot infection.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Contact Isolation for Multidrug-Resistant Infections Not Associated With Increased Adverse Event Risk

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers conducted a matched cohort study to determine whether contact isolation increases the risk for adverse events among patients with vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections.

HIV/AIDS

Feasibility of Metatranscriptomics for Pneumonia Surveillance in Adults With HIV

By

Bradley van Paridon

Researchers evaluated the use of metatranscriptomic RNA sequencing for the epidemiologic surveillance of pneumonia pathogens in patients with HIV infection.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Stakeholder Involvement Helps Ensure Success of Antibiotic Dispensing Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

By

Shannon Storms

Researchers conducted a systematic review of studies that reported on interventions to increase the rate of appropriate antibiotic dispensing in low- and middle-income countries.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Associated With Number of Sexual Partners

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers conducted a study to determine whether the risk for extended-spectrum -lactamase-producing enterobacterales is associated with number of sexual partners and increased sexual activity.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial Resistance, Mortality Risk Associated With Specific E coli Isolates in Patients With Bloodstream Infections

By

Shannon Storms

Researchers conducted a study that assessed antimicrobial resistance associated with specific Escherichia coli isolates in patients infected with E coli bacteremia.

Vector-borne Illnesses

Safety, Efficacy of Artemether-Lumefantrine Plus Amodiaquine for Uncomplicated Malaria

By

Bradley van Paridon

Researchers evaluated first-line treatment with arthemether-lumefantrine plus amodiaquine in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection living in areas with an increased prevalence of multidrug-resistant parasites.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Meropenem Plus Clavulanate and Rifampin for Treatment of Drug-Resistant TB

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Investigators evaluated the 14-day bactericidal activity of various doses of meropenem, with or without rifampin, in patients being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance

Community-Acquired Clostridioides difficile Cases in Children on the Rise

By

Heather Adams, MPAS, PA-C

Elizabeth Nguyen, PA-S

An increase in pediatric cases of C difficile is linked to use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, recurrent infections, and a growth in highly virulent strains.