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A multitude of comorbid conditions were more prevalent among patients with vs without HIV infection, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary care models to improve patient management, according to results of a study published in EClinical Medicine.
Researchers performed a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the prevalence of comorbid conditions among patients with (n=964) vs without (n=941,113) HIV infection in the United Kingdom. The probability of 47 condition groups among patients with vs without HIV infection was determined via logistic regression, with adjustments made for sex, age, and social deprivation status.
Among patients with HIV infection, 61.7% were men and 90.8% were aged between 25 and 64 years. The researchers found that the prevalence of several condition groups was similar between patients with vs without HIV infection, including lipid (41.4% vs 40.2%), dermatologic (39.0% vs 42.9%), genitourinary (30.4% vs 31.3%), gastrointestinal (24.3% vs 24.7%), and rheumatologic (22.1% vs 33.4%) disorders.
After adjustment for age, sex, and social deprivation status, 18 (37.5%) condition groups were significantly more likely to occur among patients with vs without HIV infection. These included liver fibrosis, sclerosis, and cirrhosis (odds ratio [OR], 3.23; 95% CI, 1.85-5.20); pulmonary embolism (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.15-3.36); infertility in men (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.50-3.16); bipolar disorder (OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.52-5.05); and cervical malignancy (OR, 4.64; 95% CI, 1.15-12.15). Conditions that were less likely were atrial fibrillation (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.20-0.64); hypertension (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65-0.94); rheumatoid arthritis (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.05-0.84); asthma (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53-0.80); and macular degeneration (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.09-0.70).
Although most infection types were more prevalent among patients with vs without HIV infection, urinary tract infection was significantly less like likely (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.27-0.66).
Study limitations included the cross-sectional design, the reliance on electronic health record data, and the relatively small sample size.
According to the researchers, “…in order to assure holistic [HIV] care, specialist and primary care providers need close integration in the particular context of the UK, where HIV care is exclusively delivered by secondary care.”
Reference
Morales DR, Moreno-Martos D, Matin N, McGettigan P. Health conditions in adults with HIV compared with the general population: A population-based cross-sectional analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2022;47:101392. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101392.
