Pediatric Illnesses

Latest News

Pertussis-Related Infant Mortality Rate in Argentina Decreased After Maternal Tdap Vaccination

By

Sweta Gupta

Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine is effective in middle-income countries like Argentina.

Risk Factors for Infant Intussusception After Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

The risk of intussusception related to rotavirus vaccination was undetectable as a result of low vaccine coverage and limited statistical power.

Progress Achieved in Hepatitis B Control in Western Pacific Region

By

Virginia Schad, PharmD

Report describes progress made to achieve hepatitis B control in the Western Pacific Region and the steps taken to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus during 2005 to 2017.

Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics in Children With Drug-Resistant TB Exposure

By

Bradley van Paridon

The dosing recommendations regarding levofloxacin for the treatment and prevention of drug-resistant tuberculosis in children may need to be re-evaluated.

Telemedicine Leads to More Antibiotic Prescriptions for Pediatric Respiratory Infection

Antibiotic prescribing is higher and guideline-concordant antibiotic management is lower with DTC telemedicine visits in pediatric ARI.

Early-Life Stress Linked to Cytomegalovirus Infection in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

By

Anna Bella Zawahir

Individuals with major depressive disorder who experienced childhood trauma were more likely to test positive for cytomegalovirus.

Increased Levels of CMV DNA Found in African Children With Perinatally Acquired HIV

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

Significant levels of cytomegalovirus DNA are common in older African children with perinatally acquired HIV infection.

QuantiFERON-TB Gold-Plus Performance in Children With Confirmed Tuberculosis

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

The new interferon-gamma release assay QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus had good sensitivity in children with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Early Onset Overweight, Stunting Seen in Children Exposed to HIV and ART

By

Sweta Gupta

A study shows that there are small but consistent deficits in the early growth trajectories of young children who were breastfed and exposed to HIV.

Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Could Help Diagnose Pediatric LRTIs

Nasopharyngeal microbiota seem to serve as a valid proxy for lower respiratory tract microbiota in lower respiratory tract infections in children.

Bronchiolitis Hospitalization in Infancy Predicts More Admissions

More than one in five infants with a bronchiolitis hospital admission will have a subsequent respiratory-related hospital admission by age 5 years.

Maternal Immunization May Prevent Neonatal Streptococcal Infection

By

Bradley van Paridon

Maternal vaccination with capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccine GBS6 may be an alternative prevention method of GBS infections in infants.

Effect of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status on Enteric Infections in Childhood

By

Zahra Masoud

Histo-blood group antigens may affect the incidence of all-cause diarrhea and enteric infections in young children.

Antibiotics, PPIs Tied to Higher C Diff Risk in Hospitalized Children

Previous antibiotic exposure and use of PPIs may be risk factors for Clostridioides difficile infection in hospitalized pediatric patients.

Ceftazidime/Avibactam Approved for Pediatric Use to Treat Complicated Intra-Abdominal, UTIs

By

Diana Ernst, RPh

The FDA has expanded the approval of Avycaz to include pediatric patients aged ≥3 months for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections.

Prediction Rule for Serious Infection Accurate in Low-Risk Febrile Infants

By

Bradley van Paridon

Study validates accurate prediction rule for identifying febrile infants age <60 days at low risk for serious bacterial infections using urinalysis, absolute neutrophil count, and procalcitonin levels.

Efficacy of Quadrivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Young Children

By

Infectious Disease Advisor Contributing Writer

In children aged 6–35 months, vaccination with 2 doses of IIV4 can protect against influenza and reduces the frequency of severe outcomes.

Machine-Learning Models Allow Early Detection of Sepsis in the NICU

Models using EHR data from infants in NICU can detect sepsis hours before clinical signs are apparent.

AAP: Nasal Spray Vaccine Against Flu Acceptable in 2019 to 2020

Based on current data, AAP Board of Directors says either injection or nasal spray vaccination OK

Quantitative HIV Antibodies Useful for Viral Suppression Screening in Children

By

Zahra Masoud

Quantitative HIV antibody levels may be useful for screening for viral suppression or residual, cell-associated HIV DNA levels in children on ART.