Experts discuss the various imaging modalities for children who require diagnostic workup beyond urine culture, as well as the consequences of overusing antibiotics and antibiotic route of administration.
Researchers examined the prevalence of HIV drug resistance patterns among HIV-infected infants using 3 nationally representative surveys in South Africa that evaluated the effectiveness of national programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
For children born in 2015 to 2016, vaccination coverage is generally high, although coverage can be improved with increased access to providers and health insurance.
A new treatment-decision score for the diagnosis of TB in children with HIV performed well, and when used in an algorithm may facilitate prompt treatment decision making for children at a high risk for mortality.
A novel, and newly licensed hexavalent vaccine, comprising DTaP, IPV, Hib and HepB vaccines, may allow for simplification of administering and adhering to recommendations for infant vaccine series.
In 2018, adolescent vaccination coverage in the United States continued to improve for meningococcal and HPV vaccines and remains high for tetanus and reduced diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine.
The researchers discovered that while babies delivered vaginally received most of their gut bacteria from their mothers, babies delivered by cesarean birth did not. In addition, babies delivered by cesarean harbored more bacteria commonly associated with hospital.
In a test of waning immunity after MMR vaccines, the majority of assays of serum samples from college students had detectable mumps IgG antibodies but the magnitude was lower than that of rubella.
Researchers found data from a 10-year retrospective cohort study that showed azithromycin therapy for children with asthma was not associated with hospital readmission or length of stay.
Antibiotic use within the previous 3 months and Middle Eastern ethnic background were risk factors for community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in children treated at the Children’s Hospital of Michigan, according to study results published in Infectious Diseases. In this single center retrospective study, researchers identified 111 cases…
Although incidence of tuberculosis is low and continues to decline among children in the United States, the disease disproportionately affects children of certain ethnicities, and those with immigrant parents.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) reaffirmed the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ (ACOG) recommendation for the use of universal antenatal microbiologic testing for detecting maternal group B streptococcal (GBS) colonization to facilitate appropriate administration of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, according to a clinical report recently published in Pediatrics.1 In addition, the report provides current…
Evidence on intervention effectiveness in improving uptake and retention of mothers and infants in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission care in HIV regimens is lacking.
This study shows that full EV-A71 vaccination was effective in preventing EV-A71-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease in children, and partial vaccination may also provide protective effects, especially in older children.
