Respiratory

Latest News

No Benefit From Continuous Positive Airway Pressure After Elective Major Intraperitoneal Surgery

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Members of the PRISM trial group investigated whether CPAP administered immediately after major abdominal surgery could prevent postoperative morbidity.

Respiratory Virus Detections, Antibiotic Prescribing Rates Decreased ‪‬During COVID-19 Pandemic

By

Sweta Gupta

The researchers tested their hypothesis that a decrease in respiratory virus incidence would be associated with a reduction in inappropriate ambulatory antibiotic orders.

Sex Differences in Mortality After Tuberculosis Treatment

By

Sweta Gupta

Researchers studied patients with pulmonary tuberculosis to better understand the impact of sex on mortality and sputum microbiological status after treatment initiation.

Effectiveness of Antipseudomonal Antibiotics for Pulmonary Exacerbation of Cystic Fibrosis

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers compared clinical outcomes of single vs double antipseudomonal antibiotics used to treat pulmonary exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Pneumococcal Vaccine Associated With Steep Decline in Antibiotic Use Among Young Children in Israel

By

Sweta Gupta

Researchers compared trends in antibiotic prescription rates during the period preceding the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), as well as the early and late PCV periods, among Jewish vs Bedouin children.

Extended Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Not Curative for Suspected Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis Among Children

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of a 4-week course of oral amoxicillin-clavulanate in children with suspected protracted bacterial bronchitis.

Study Finds 4-Month Tuberculosis Treatment Noninferior to Standard of Care

By

Sweta Gupta

Researchers conducted a phase 3 trial to ascertain whether treatment regimens including rifapentine with or without moxifloxacin can provide a lasting cure for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in 4 months vs 6 months of standard therapy.

Prevalence of E-Cigarette Use High Among US Students

Current electronic cigarette use, frequent use, and flavored e-cigarette use is high among high school and middle school students in the United States.

FDA Approves 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Prevnar 20

By

Diana Ernst, RPh

The vaccine contains capsular polysaccharide conjugates for 7 additional serotypes (8, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 22F and 33F) that cause invasive pneumococcal disease.

Suvratoxumab Not Effective at Reducing Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit Setting

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Researchers report findings from SAATELLITE, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial that assessed the safety and efficacy of suvratoxumab for Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.

Lower Respiratory Specimens Optimal for Accurate Psittacosis Detection

By

Estie Mermelstein, MSN, FNP-BC

A case study published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report describes an outbreak of Chlamydia psittaci among works at chicken slaughter plants in the southeast United States.

Low-Dose Amikacin as Alternative Treatment for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

By

Joyce Lee, PharmD, RPh

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to assess tolerability, side effects, and outcomes following treatment with low-dose amikacin in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Testing Multiple Noninvasive Specimen Types May Improve Diagnosis of Pediatric Tuberculosis

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Investigators sought to determine what combination of minimally invasive specimens is most effective for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in children.

Aspirin Reduces New-Onset Strokes, Not Mortality of Tubercular Meningitis

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Study investigators conducted a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aspirin as an adjunctive therapy in patients with tubercular meningitis.

Latent Tuberculosis Screening and Treatment for Elderly Patients With Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus

By

Joyce Lee, PharmD, RPh

Investigators conducted a prospective study to assess rates of completion of screening and preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection.

Novel Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Immunogenic, Safe in Pediatric Trials

By

Brian Park, PharmD

Positive topline results were announced from two phase 3 studies evaluating V114, an investigational 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, in pediatric patients for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease.

Ceftazidime-Avibactam for the Treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase-Producing Infections

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Investigators conducted a retrospective observational study to assess outcomes following treatment with ceftazidime-avibactam for Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K pneumonia infections.

Viruses Causing Acute Respiratory Illness During the 2018/19 Influenza Season in Washington

By

Sweta Gupta

A team of investigators sought to estimate the burden of acute respiratory illness in ambulatory care settings for 12 respiratory viruses in Washington state during the 2018-2019 influenza season.

Bedaquiline Plus Delamanid May be Viable Option for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

Investigators sought to identify the effect of treatment with bedaquiline and delamanid, individually or combined, on the QTc interval among patients with resistant tuberculosis.

Pseudomonas Elastase Activity Linked to Increased Risk of 30-Day ICU Mortality

By

Rita Aghjayan

In patients with respiratory P aeruginosa infection, an increase in the bacterial production of elastase may increase lung tissue inflammation.