Whole Genome Sequencing Use in Predicting TB Resistance
Whole genome sequencing of M tuberculosis isolates can identify complete drug susceptibility profiles, allowing precise treatment in early TB infection.
Respiratory
Respiratory
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Potential Diagnostic Screening Tools for M Pneumoniae Infection in Children
Mycoplasma pneumoniae immunoglobulin M antibody-secreting cells were successfully used to differentiate between those with M pneumoniae infection and carriers in a pediatric population.
Bedaquiline Approved to Treat Adolescent Patients With Pulmonary Multidrug-Resistant TB
The FDA has approved Sirturo (bedaquiline; Janssen) for use in pediatric patients aged 12 to less than 18 years for MDR-TB.
Rifampin-Resistant TB Infection Linked to HIV Infection, Increased Mortality
All forms of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis may be positively associated with HIV and increased mortality.
Diabetes and BMI Associated With Newly Diagnosed Active Tuberculosis
An association has been identified between newly diagnosed active tuberculosis, diabetes, and body mass index.
PPD Shortage Prompts CDC to Issue New Recommendations for TB Testing
The CDC announced an expected 3 to 10 month shortage of Aplisol (tuberculin purified protein derivative [PPD], diluted), used as an aid in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
TB Treatment Monitoring: Molecular Bacterial Load Assay vs Standard Testing
Compared with standard of care tests and most clinical signs, the molecular bacterial load assay demonstrated higher sensitivity and more rapid turnaround times for monitoring tuberculosis treatment.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Outcomes Similar With Pneumonia or Acute Exacerbation
Based on the 2016 International Working Group (IWG) diagnostic criteria for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), outcomes are relatively similar between patients with IPF with pneumonia and patients with an acute IPF exacerbation.
Updated Guidelines for TB Screening, Treatment in Health Care Workers
Guidelines have been updated for screening and treatment for tuberculosis infection among health care personnel.
Efficacy Evaluation for Initial Maintenance Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Oral voriconazole may be more effective than oral itraconazole for initial maintenance therapy in patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, according to a study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases.1 Currently, there are 4 oral anti-Aspergillus agents available (itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole) and while various studies have evaluated treatments for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis with itraconazole and…
Prospective Surveillance of Enterovirus D68 Improves Epidemiologic Knowledge
Prospective surveillance of enterovirus D68 is contributing to a better understanding of its epidemiology and should be continued.
Tuberculosis in the United States in 2018
The incidence of tuberculosis in the United States in 2018 was 2.8 cases per 100,000 persons, which is the lowest ever reported.
New Scale Helps Identify More Serious Cases of Mononucleosis
Scale identifies college students at increased risk for corticosteroid Rx, chronic fatigue syndrome
Internet-Based Communication Training May Reduce Antibiotic Prescribing in RTIs
An internet-based training program designed to enhance communication skills in C-reactive protein point of care testing may be helpful in reducing long-term antibiotic prescribing in respiratory tract infections.
Cytomegalovirus Linked to Faster Progression of Cystic Fibrosis
Faster progression to end-stage lung disease observed among patients with CMV IgG positivity
QuantiFERON-TB Gold-Plus Performance in Children With Confirmed Tuberculosis
The new interferon-gamma release assay QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus had good sensitivity in children with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Building a Tuberculosis-Free World
The first-ever UN High-Level Meeting on tuberculosis, in September 2018, resolved that ending the disease is a global priority.
Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Could Help Diagnose Pediatric LRTIs
Nasopharyngeal microbiota seem to serve as a valid proxy for lower respiratory tract microbiota in lower respiratory tract infections in children.
Bronchiolitis Hospitalization in Infancy Predicts More Admissions
More than one in five infants with a bronchiolitis hospital admission will have a subsequent respiratory-related hospital admission by age 5 years.
SynGEM Intranasal Vaccine for RSV Generates Durable Immune Response
SynGEM, an intranasal subunit vaccine that introduces the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), has demonstrated efficacy in actuating lasting immune responses in humans.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Sputum Culture Conversion in Tuberculosis
In a subgroup of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, vitamin D supplementation accelerated sputum culture conversion.
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