Respiratory

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Testing for Legionella Pneumonia in Those at Risk: Room for Improvement

By

Bradley van Paridon

Is testing for Legionella pneumophila appropriate and could it impact treatment?

Mortality Rates for Pneumonia and Influenza Vary by Geographical Area

By

Estie Mermelstein, MSN, FNP-BC

Researchers assessed whether there was geographic variation in racial disparity in influenza and pneumonia.

Hyperglycemia Unresolved in 50% of TB Patients Posttreatment

By

Estie Mermelstein, MSN, FNP-BC

One of the goals of this review is to synthesize literature on risk factors for unresolved TB-associated hyperglycemia in previously undiagnosed individuals.

Infant Mortality From Pertussis Infection Associated With Leukocytosis, Pulmonary Hypertension

By

Jessica Nye, PhD

A case-controlled study of infants with severe pertussis admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit assisted to identify 3 risk factors for infant death.

Brensocatib in Bronchiectasis Patients: A Phase 2 Trial

By

Bradley van Paridon

Investigators examined whether brensocatib reduces incidence of exacerbations of bronchiectasis, reduces rate of exacerbations, or changes the concentration of active neutrophil in the sputum from baseline.

Cadmium Burden Linked to Mortality From Flu, Pneumonia

Cadmium burden is associated with increased mortality from influenza or pneumonia in US adults.

Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy for A baumannii Lowers Mortality in Severely Ill Patients

By

Zahra Masoud

The effect of appropriate antimicrobial therapy on 14-day mortality in patients severely ill with Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremic pneumonia was assessed, taking risk factors, patient demographics, and clinical characteristics into account.

Antifungal Prophylaxis Reduces Mortality in Lung Transplantation

By

Bryant Moeller

Lung transplant recipients who were given antifungal medications prophylactically to prevent invasive fungal infections had lower rates of mortality.

Higher Risk of Active Tuberculosis Infection in Children Living With Infected Adults

By

Bradley van Paridon

Study authors assessed the relationship between children living in contact with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis patients on DOTS and children getting infected with tuberculosis or tubercular infection.

COPD Treatment May Increase Risk of Tuberculosis

By

Zahra Masoud

Fluticasone/salmeterol and budesonide/formoterol are common treatments for COPD; researchers investigated whether these treatments may be correlated with active tuberculosis risk.

Shorter-Course Regimen Safe, Effective for TB Treatment

By

Brian Park, PharmD

The randomized, open-label, controlled trial (Study 31/A5349) had more than 2500 participants ages 12 years and older and included 214 people with HIV.

Certain Hypertension Medications May Cut Deaths From Influenza, Pneumonia

Researchers linked the use of 2 hypertension drug classes to lower mortality for those hospitalized with flu and pneumonia.

IV, Oral Antibiotics Comparable for Treating P aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis

Intravenous antibiotics do not achieve greater sustained eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis compared with oral therapy.

Children, Adults With Tuberculosis Have Same Risk of Resistance in Most Countries

By

Zahra Masoud

New study published in the European Respiratory Journal suggest that in most settings, the odds of drug resistance are the same for children and adults with TB, consistent with past research.

Flu Activity Low in Southern Hemisphere in June to August

There was very low influenza activity during June to August 2020 in the Southern Hemisphere.

Risk of Aortic Aneurysm, Dissection With Fluoroquinolones Examined

By

Cassandra Pardini, PharmD

The observational study aimed to determine the association between fluoroquinolone use and the risk of aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection while taking into account potential confounding.

Respiratory, Lung Cancer Death Up Even With Low-Intensity Smoking

Current low-intensity smokers have an increased risk for respiratory and lung cancer mortality.

H1N1 Vaccine Exposure During Fetal Life Not Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder

By

Sweta Gupta

Fetal exposure to the H1N1 vaccine is not associated with an increased risk for autism spectrum disorder or autistic disorder in children.

Evaluating Replication Competence and Immune Response to Adenovirus Type 7 In Pediatric Populations

By

Bradley van Paridon

Researchers compared HAdV-3 with HAdV-7 replication kinetics and host response in ex vivo human lung tissue cultures.

High Rates of Acute Cardiovascular Events Among Hospitalized Patients With Influenza

By

Brandon May

The rate of acute cardiovascular events was found to be high in adults hospitalized with influenza.